Singin' in the Rain (1952)

The best Hollywood musical ever made. Gene Kelly, an umbrella, a lamppost, and a sequence in the rain that defined what cinema could do with joy.

At a glance

  • Director: Stanley Donen and Gene Kelly
  • Runtime: 103 minutes
  • Rating: G
  • Release date: 1952-04-11
  • Genre: Comedy
  • Our score: 8.3/10

Themes

Synopsis

Hollywood, 1927. Don Lockwood and Lina Lamont are the silent-era romantic pair starring opposite each other in Monumental Pictures' biggest hits. Don's voice and physical grace transfer well to sound; Lina's screeching New York accent does not. The studio decides to dub Lina's voice using Kathy Selden, a chorus girl Don has fallen for. The complications follow.

The film unfolds across roughly six months, from the premiere of The Dueling Cavalier (the silent film that becomes the studio's first sound film, with disastrous early results) to its successful reinvention as a musical, The Dancing Cavalier. The closing sequence reveals Lina's voice was Kathy's; Don and Kathy end up together; the camera pulls back on the studio billboard for their next collaboration.

Our review

The musical against which every subsequent musical has been measured

Singin' in the Rain is, by general critical consensus, the greatest Hollywood musical ever made. The American Film Institute's 2007 100 Years…100 Movies survey ranked it the fifth-greatest American film of all time across all genres. The Sight & Sound critics' poll has placed it in the top twenty in multiple iterations. There is no serious contemporary survey that excludes the film from its first tier.

What makes the film hold up is the synthesis. The musical numbers are integrated into the plot rather than imposed on it. The choreography is built around character rather than abstract dance. The Hollywood-on-Hollywood story has genuine dramatic stakes — the studio's transition to sound was, in 1952, recent enough that the audience understood the references. The film is, by any honest reading, the form's high-water mark.

The title sequence and what it required

The famous Gene Kelly title sequence — Don walking home from Kathy's apartment in a downpour, dancing through puddles and splashing water at a beat cop — runs roughly four minutes. The sequence has been parodied, quoted, and homaged so many times that its specific qualities are sometimes overlooked.

Kelly performed the sequence with a 103-degree fever. The 'rain' was a mixture of water and milk to make it visible to the camera. The sequence was shot on the MGM backlot's New York Street set, with the buildings retrofitted for the period. The choreography is built around incidental street architecture — the lamppost, the kerb, the awning, the puddle — rather than around an abstract dance space. The sequence is, in some sense, a small lesson in how cinematic choreography differs from stage choreography. Stage dance owns the floor; cinematic dance owns the location.

Donald O'Connor's Make 'Em Laugh

The film's other most-discussed number is Donald O'Connor's Make 'Em Laugh sequence, performed solo by O'Connor across roughly three minutes of athletic physical comedy. The routine includes a backflip up a wall, multiple pratfalls, a chase through wooden boards, and a final tumbling sequence that reportedly required O'Connor to spend several days in bed afterwards.

O'Connor performed the entire routine in approximately three takes. The original take was lost when the film negative was damaged in processing; O'Connor was asked to redo it, performed it again at the same level of athletic commitment, and reportedly told Donen he refused to do it a third time. The sequence is, by survey of working choreographers, one of the most physically demanding pieces of solo dance ever filmed in mainstream American cinema.

Why it's worth watching

  • It is the best Hollywood musical, by general critical consensus.
  • Gene Kelly's title sequence is one of the most-recognised film sequences in cinema history.
  • Donald O'Connor's Make 'Em Laugh is an athletic-comedy achievement that subsequent musicals have rarely matched.
  • The Hollywood-on-Hollywood story has aged into a precise document of the 1927 transition to sound.

Principal cast

  • Gene Kelly as Don Lockwood
  • Donald O'Connor as Cosmo Brown
  • Debbie Reynolds as Kathy Selden
  • Jean Hagen as Lina Lamont
  • Millard Mitchell as R.F. Simpson
  • Cyd Charisse as Featured dancer (Broadway Melody Ballet)

Did you know?

  • Debbie Reynolds was 19 and had no prior dance training; she trained for three months with Gene Kelly before the shoot.
  • Jean Hagen, who plays the vocally-challenged Lina Lamont, actually had a refined speaking voice. The 'corrected' voice the audience hears when Lina is being dubbed is Hagen's natural voice.
  • The film was a modest box-office success in 1952; its canonical reputation developed gradually across the 1960s and 1970s.

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